Alternatives to Animal Testing featuring Kathrin Herrmann DVM, PhD
If you are UC/UCI faculty, interested in learning more about faculty/student funding, resources, and fellowships for innovation in the 3Rs or alternatives to animal testing, please contact Brianne Donaldson (Religious Studies and Philosophy) b.donaldson@uci.edu.
References and additional resources (link to full text included where available):
Adhikary, P. P., Ain, Q. U., Hocke, A. C., & Hedtrich, S. (2021). COVID-19 highlights the model dilemma in biomedical research. Nature Reviews Materials, 1-3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41578-021-00305-z
Akhtar, A. Z., Pippin, J. J., & Sandusky, C. B. (2008). Animal models in spinal cord injury: a review. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 19(1), 47-60. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aysha-Akhtar/publication/5294543_Animal_Models_in_Spinal_Cord_Injury_A_Review/links/5f96cf5f458515b7cf9f0641/Animal-Models-in-Spinal-Cord-Injury-A-Review.pdf
Bailey, J. (2018). Does the stress of laboratory life and experimentation on animals adversely
affect research data? A critical review. Alternatives to laboratory animals: ATLA-Alternatives to
Laboratory Animals, 46(5), pp. 291-305.
Bailey, J. (2019). Genetic modification of animals: Scientific and ethical issues. In Animal experimentation: Working towards a paradigm change (pp. 443-479). Brill.
https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004391192/BP000024.xml
Begley, C. G., & Ioannidis, J. P. (2015). Reproducibility in science: improving the standard for basic and preclinical research. Circulation research, 116(1), 116-126. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.303819
Biomed21 blog (April 2021). An interview with Laura Gribaldo on Publication Bias in Biomedical Research. https://biomed21.org/2021/04/an-interview-with-laura-gribaldo-on-publication-bias-in-biomedical-research/
Busquet, F., Kleensang, A., Rovida, C., Herrmann, K., Leist, M., & Hartung, T. (2020). New European Union statistics on laboratory animal use–what really counts!. ALTEX-Alternatives to animal experimentation, 37(2), 167-186. https://www.altex.org/index.php/altex/article/view/1755/1722
Butler, G. (2021). Inside the Secret Mental Health Crisis of People Who Kill Animals for Science.
https://www.vice.com/en/article/pkbbx9/science-researcher-mental-health-animal-killing?utm_medium=social+&utm_source=VICECanada_Facebook&fbclid=IwAR06eQZZKxm4LxuMH_WlJzDlMsZYzdak1BBwrrtRZVCPYJBz0SA0ao5BD38
Cassella, C. (2021). Octopuses Not Only Feel Pain Physically, But Emotionally Too, First Study Finds. Sciencealert. https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-identify-the-first-strong-evidence-that-octopuses-likely-feel-pain?fbclid=IwAR39Yb3-Z6oDZSLOON00qkexgxbQdLIthE_oXSQFzIumys8PaESMH0dyJYs
Cassotta, M., Pistollato, F., & Battino, M. (2020). Rheumatoid arthritis research in the 21st century: Limitations of traditional models, new technologies, and opportunities for a human biology-based approach. ALTEX-Alternatives to animal experimentation, 37(2), 223-242. Available at: https://www.altex.org/index.php/altex/article/view/1434
Collins, F. S., & Tabak, L. A. (2014). Policy: NIH plans to enhance reproducibility. Nature, 505(7485), 612–613. https://doi.org/10.1038/505612a
Domingo, A., Al-Yahya, A. A., Asiri, Y., Eng, J. J., & Lam, and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence Research Team, T. (2012). A systematic review of the effects of pharmacological agents on walking function in people with spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 29(5), 865-879. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/neu.2011.2052
Dyson, A., & Singer, M. (2009). Animal models of sepsis: why does preclinical efficacy fail to translate to the clinical setting?. Critical care medicine, 37(1), S30-S37.
Fink, M. P. (2014). Animal models of sepsis. Virulence, 5(1), 143-153. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/viru.26083
Fitzpatrick, B.G., Koustova, E. and Wang, Y. (2018). Getting personal with the" reproducibility
crisis": interviews in the animal research community. Lab Animal, 47(7), pp.175-177.
FRAME (2020). Global study by FRAME revealed overwhelming majority of people (93.4%) think more needs to be done to replace and reduce the use of animals in testing and research.
https://frame.org.uk/latest/research-confirms-public-desire-for-alternatives-to-using-animals-in-research/
Franco NH, Sandøe P, Olsson IAS (2018). Researchers’ attitudes to the 3Rs—An upturned hierarchy? PLoS ONE 13(8): e0200895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200895
Greek, R. (2012). Animal Models and the Development of an HIV Vaccine. J. AIDS Clin. Res. S, 8, 001.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d0d8/50eaaa9a6c49c0fc118976bd698a52d337ed.pdf
Grimm, D. (2021). USDA now only partially inspects some lab animal facilities, internal documents reveal. Science. doi:10.1126/science.abj3120 https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/05/usda-now-only-partially-inspects-some-lab-animal-facilities-internal-documents-reveal
Hair, K., Macleod, M. R., Sena, E. S. and IICARus Collaboration (2018). A randomised controlled trial of an Intervention to Improve Compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines (IICARus). bioRxiv, p. 370874.
Hatziioannou, T., & Evans, D. T. (2012). Animal models for HIV/AIDS research. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 10(12), 852-867. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro2911.pdf
Herrmann, K. (2019). Refinement on the way towards Replacement of animal experiments: A retrospective review of the use of Refinement methods in German animal research applications (PhD thesis).
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/bitstream/handle/fub188/27310/Diss_Kathrin_Herrmann_Repository.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Herrmann, K., & Jayne, K. (2019). Animal experimentation: Working towards a paradigm change (p. 752). Brill. Open Access, available at: https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/38145/9789004391192_webready_content_text.pdf?sequence=1
Herrmann, K., Pistollato, F., & Stephens, M. L. (2019). Beyond the 3Rs: Expanding the use of human-relevant replacement methods in biomedical research. ALTEX-Alternatives to animal experimentation, 36(3), 343-352. Available at: https://www.altex.org/index.php/altex/article/view/1301/1324
Holloway, M., Berggren, E., Dura, A., Gribaldo, L. and Whelan, M., Introducing the Three Rs into secondary schools, universities and continuing education programmes, EUR 30579 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2021, ISBN 978-92-76-29425-2, doi:10.2760/4378, JRC123343. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC123343
Holmes, A. M., Solari, R., & Holgate, S. T. (2011). Animal models of asthma: value, limitations and opportunities for alternative approaches. Drug discovery today, 16(15-16), 659-670. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644611002030?casa_token=RJJCnAJ2rcAAAAAA:YzLvejGTvogaOYCQrpVCWha4dujur_TRI4i9MYYG99R5bY229nnf5MtJ51xfrAMq8xhX-YNF
Horejs, C. Organ chips, organoids and the animal testing conundrum. Nat Rev Mater 6, 372–373 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-021-00313-z
Hutchinson, L., & Kirk, R. (2011). High drug attrition rates—where are we going wrong?. Nature reviews Clinical oncology, 8(4), 189-190. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrclinonc.2011.34.pdf
Ingber, D. E. (2020). Is it Time for Reviewer 3 to Request Human Organ Chip Experiments Instead of Animal Validation Studies?. Advanced Science, 7(22), 2002030. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/advs.202002030
Jimenez, D. (2021). CytoReason Q&A: moving beyond animal testing in drug research. PharmaceuticalTechnology. https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/features/cytoreason-beyond-animal-testing-drug-research/?fbclid=IwAR2QueBuF-JfHyMIIARHaZit7HU4ktXRAgiJ-sUaJf6EYNMmgdEGZ_szPZw
Joffe, A. R., Bara, M., Anton, N., & Nobis, N. (2016). The ethics of animal research: a survey of the public and scientists in North America. BMC Medical Ethics, 17(1), 1-12. https://bmcmedethics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12910-016-0100-x
Joffe, A. R., Bara, M., Anton, N., & Nobis, N. (2016). Expectations for the methodology and translation of animal research: A survey of the general public, medical students and animal researchers in North America. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 44(4), 361-381. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/026119291604400407
JRC (2021). Tackling neurodegenerative diseases with more human relevant research. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/science-update/tackling-neurodegenerative-diseases-more-human-relevant-research?fbclid=IwAR307QyD4RvjEaQS8vZR2brL9KL4MTbAGP_xKj_-C8va4_gR1pfJEO85TaM
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Maulana, T. I., Kromidas, E., Wallstabe, L., Cipriano, M., Alb, M., Zaupa, C., ... & Loskill, P. (2021). Immunocompetent Cancer-on-Chip models to assess immuno-oncology therapy. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33798643/
Merkes, M. (2019). Better ways to do research: An overview of methods and technologies that can replace animals in biomedical research and testing.
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Nymark, P., Sachana, M., Batista-Leite, S., Sund, J., Krebs, C. E., Sullivan, K., ... & Wittwehr, C. (2021). Systematic organization of COVID-19 data supported by the adverse outcome pathway framework. Available at: https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202101.0573/v1
O'Collins, V. E., Macleod, M. R., Donnan, G. A., Horky, L. L., van der Worp, B. H., & Howells, D. W. (2006). 1,026 experimental treatments in acute stroke. Annals of neurology, 59(3), 467-477.
Onose, G., Anghelescu, A., Muresanu, D. F., Padure, L., Haras, M. A., Chendreanu, C. O., ... & Von Wild, K. R. H. (2009). A review of published reports on neuroprotection in spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 47(10), 716-726. https://www.nature.com/articles/sc200952
Opal, S. M., & Patrozou, E. (2009). Translational research in the development of novel sepsis therapeutics: logical deductive reasoning or mission impossible?. Critical care medicine, 37(1), S10-S15.
Papassotiropoulos, A., & Dominique, J. F. (2015). Failed drug discovery in psychiatry: time for human genome-guided solutions. Trends in cognitive sciences, 19(4), 183-187.
Pistollato, F., Bernasconi, C., McCarthy, J., Campia, I., Desaintes, C., Wittwehr, C., ... & Whelan, M. (2020). Alzheimer’s Disease, and Breast and Prostate Cancer Research: Translational Failures and the Importance to Monitor Outputs and Impact of Funded Research. Animals, 10(7), 1194. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/7/1194/htm
Pound, P. and Bracken, M. B. (2014). Is Animal Research Sufficiently Evidence Based To Be a Cornerstone of Biomedical Research?. British Medical Journal, 348, p. g3387.
Pound, P., Ebrahim, S., Sandercock, P., Bracken, M. B. and Roberts, I. (2004). Where Is the Evidence That Animal Research Benefits Humans?. British Medical Journal, 328(7438), pp. 514-517.
Pound P, Nicol CJ (2018). Retrospective harm benefit analysis of pre-clinical animal research for six treatment interventions. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0193758. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193758
Pound, P. and Ritskes-Hoitinga, M. (2018). Is it possible to overcome issues of external validity in preclinical animal research? Why most animal models are bound to fail. Journal of Translational Medicine, 16(1), p.304. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0193758
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https://caat.jhsph.edu/principles/the-principles-of-humane-experimental-technique
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Veening-Griffioen, D. H., Ferreira, G. S., Boon, W. P., Gispen-de Wied, C. C., Schellekens, H., Moors, E. H., & Van Meer, P. J. (2021). Tradition, not science, is the basis of animal model selection in translational and applied research. ALTEX-Alternatives to animal experimentation, 38(1), 49-62. https://www.altex.org/index.php/altex/article/view/1758
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Zemanova MA and Knight A (2021). The educational efficacy of humane teaching methods: a systematic review of the evidence. Animals; 11(1):114. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/1/114?fbclid=IwAR2WWcEaAnEdRtwV85lJAcfT6bSVX_GyWfYmuI1MA9GDG5JxhaSL9gc1Izg
Free webinars and courses:
CAAT’s free courses on the learning platform Coursera:
• Toxicology in the 21st Century: Scientific Applications https://www.coursera.org/learn/toxicology-21 Toxicology 21: Scientific Applications
• Evidence-based Toxicology https://www.coursera.org/learn/evidence-based-toxicology
Ongoing and recorded training videos and webinars on non-animal methods for regulatory testing, organized by PETA Science Consortium International e.V. in collaboration with other stakeholders:
https://www.thepsci.eu/training-videos-webinars/
2021 JRC Summer School https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/event/conference/jrc-summer-school-non-animal-approaches-science-3
2020 US Summer School, co-hosted by PCRM and CAAT https://www.ascctox.org/innovativescience2020 In our portal you find many talks and additional material: https://pcrm.widencollective.com/portals/tgkpbij2/SummerSchool2020
Our Summer School report: McCarthy, J., Herrmann, K., Sullivan, K. and Haugabrooks, E. (2021) “Summer school on innovative approaches in science”, ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation, 38(1), pp. 158-162. doi: 10.14573/altex.2012153. Available at: https://www.altex.org/index.php/altex/article/view/2228
2-day webinar: Microphysiological Systems: Bridging Human and Animal Research - A Workshop, took place in January 2021. Recording available here: https://www.nationalacademies.org/event/01-19-2021/microphysiological-systems-bridging-human-and-animal-research-a-workshop#sl-three-columns-d70004b6-92f4-4d21-a2f7-c6df6024629f
2-hour webinar on COVID-19 Research: With or Without Animals? took place in Oct 2020. Recording available at: https://animalsclimatehealth.com/session-2/
2-hour webinar on Contemporary Refinement Research, its Application in Practice, and Future Directions took place in March 2021. Recording available at: https://caat.jhsph.edu/programs/Refinement/webinar.html#resources
Funding opportunities: An overview available at: https://www.pcrm.org/sites/default/files/2019-03/Funding_Opportunities_NonAnimal_Research.pdf
Newsletters and blogs:
• Sign up for ERA21(Early-Career Researchers Advancing 21st Century Science) Newsletter at https://www.pcrm.org/ethical-science/ethical-education-and-training/ERA21
• Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing Center (CAAT) Newsletter re e.g., funding opportunities, conferences information, new publications and much more at https://us4.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=066d5d7abe2de2d5e04d214bf&id=611b893885
• Subscribe to Biomed21 blog at https://biomed21.org/blog/
Miscellaneous:
Recent article on octopuses
https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-identify-the-first-strong-evidence-that-octopuses-likely-feel-pain?fbclid=IwAR39Yb3-Z6oDZSLOON00qkexgxbQdLIthE_oXSQFzIumys8PaESMH0dyJYs
Upcoming talk on insects by Dr. Jonathan Balcombe on May 18, 2021 (via Zoom) at 8 p.m CEST (Sweden):
A conversation with best-selling author and ethologist Jonathan Balcombe about his up-coming book “Super Fly: The Unexpected Lives of the World’s Most Successful Insects”. What does science say about the consciousness of insects? Can they feel pain? What would it mean for the animal rights movement? The talk will be moderated by Martin Smedjeback, president of Animal Save Sweden.
https://www.facebook.com/events/833591633906636/?ref=newsfeed
EURL ECVAM has launched a series of studies to review available and emerging non-animal models being used for research in seven disease areas:
• respiratory tract diseases
• breast cancer
• neurodegenerative disorders
• immunogenicity of advanced medicinal products
• immune oncology
• autoimmunity
• cardiovascular disease
Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/eurl/ecvam/knowledge-sharing-3rs/life-science-research
Human-Relevant Research Universities Across the United States (Information gathered by Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. Available at: https://www.pcrm.org/sites/default/files/2018-11/Human-Relevant-Research-Universities-List.pdf